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|
 TAIMEN
(Hucho Taimen) |
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| Family: |
Salmonidae
(Salmonids), subfamily: Salmoninae |
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| Order: |
Salmoniformes |
| Class: |
Actinopterygii
(ray-finned fishes) |
| FB
name: |
Taimen |
| Distribution: |
Asia:
Caspian Sea and Arctic drainages to Amur river; Central Asia |
| Biology: |
Inhabits
rivers and lakes. Is an exclusively fluvial species which prefers
swift-flowing rivers never; descends to the sea. In spring, it
ascends rivers and enters shallow creeks. Spawns in May.
Reaches 180cm (5.9ft) TL and 100 kg. |
| Max.
size: |
158.0cm
(5.2ft) |
| Max.
weight: |
90kg
(200lb) |
| Reported
age: |
16
years |
| Environment: |
benthopelagic;
freshwater |
| Climate: |
temperate |
| Importance: |
fisheries:
commercial; aquaculture: experimental; gamefish |
| Threatened: |
not
in IUCN Red List |
| Dangerous: |
harmless |
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| TROUT
(Salmo Trutta Trutta) |
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| Family: |
Salmonidae
(Salmonids), subfamily: Salmoninae |
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| Order: |
Salmoniformes |
| Class: |
Actinopterygii
(ray-finned fishes) |
| FB
name: |
Sea
Trout |
| Distribution: |
Europe
and Asia. Introduced widely throughout the Americas and Australia.
Several countries report adverse ecological impact after
introduction. |
| Diagnosis: |
Prefers
cold, well-oxygenated upland waters although their tolerance limits
are lower than those of rainbow trout. Favors large streams in the
mountainous areas with adequate cover in the form of submerged
rocks, undercut banks, and overhanging vegetation. Mainly diurnal.
Feeds on aquatic and terrestial insects, mollusks, crustaceans and
small fish. Matures in 3-4 years. Reproduces in the rivers. Life
history and spawning behaviour is similar to salmon. Female produces
about 10,000 eggs. Marketed fresh and smoked; eaten fried, broiled,
boiled, cooked in microwave, and baked. |
| Biology: |
Dorsal
spines (total): 3-4; Dorsal softrays (total): 10-15; Anal spines:
3-4; Anal soft-rays: 9-14; Vertebrae: 57-59. Adipose fin with red
margin. Caudal fin with 18-19 rays. Black on upper part of body,
usually orange on sides, surrounded by pale halos. Teeth on shaft of
vomer numerous and strongly developed. |
| Max.
size: |
140.0cm
(4.6ft) |
| Max.
weight: |
50kg
(110lb) |
| Reported
age: |
14
years |
| Environment: |
pelagic;
freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range - 10 m |
| Climate: |
temperate;
24.1°C; 68°N - 35°S |
| Importance: |
fisheries:
commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: show
aquarium |
| Threatened: |
not
in IUCN Red List |
| Dangerous: |
potential
pest |
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| PIKE
(Esox Reichertii) |
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| Family: |
Esocidae
(Pikes) |
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| Order: |
Esociformes |
| Class: |
Actinopterygii
(ray-finned fishes) |
| FB
name: |
Amur
pike |
| Distribution: |
Northeast
and Central Asia: Amur River system |
| Max.
size: |
100.0cm
(3.3ft) |
| Max.
weight: |
16kg
(35.5lb) |
| Environment: |
demersal;
freshwater |
| Climate: |
temperate;
55°N - 43°N |
| Importance: |
fisheries:
commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: show aquarium |
| Threatened: |
Not
in IUCN Red List |
| Dangerous: |
harmless |
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| CARP
(Carassius Carassius) |
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| Family: |
Cyprinidae
(Minnows or carps) |
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| Order: |
Cypriniformes |
| Class: |
Actinopterygii
(ray-finned fishes) |
| FB
name: |
Crucian
carp |
| Distribution: |
Eurasia:
Spain across Europe and north-central Asia to northern China. A well
established element of the fish fauna of Europe. At least one
country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction. |
| Diagnosis: |
Dorsal
spines (total): 3-4; Dorsal softrays (total): 14-22; Anal spines:
3-3; Anal soft-rays: 5-6; Vertebrae: 32-32. Caudal fin with 18-20
rays. No barbels. The third dorsal and anal-fin rays are
strong and serrated posteriorly. |
| Biology: |
Occurs
in shallow ponds, lakes rich in vegetation and slow moving rivers.
Burrows in mud in the dry season or during winter.
Tolerates cold, organic pollutants, and low oxygen levels in the
water. Feeds on plants, insect larvae and plankton.
Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten fried, broiled and baked. |
| Max.
size: |
64.0cm
(2.1ft) |
| Max.
weight: |
3,000.0
(6.6lb) |
| Environment: |
demersal;
freshwater; brackish ; depth range - 5 m |
| Climate: |
temperate;
14 - 22°C; 66°N - 0°N |
| Importance: |
fisheries:
highly commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium:
commercial; bait: occasionally |
| Threatened: |
Not
in IUCN Red List |
| Dangerous: |
potential
pest |
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| AMUR
CATFISH (Silurus asotus) |
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| Family: |
Siluridae
(Sheatfishes) |
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| Order: |
Siluriformes |
| Class: |
Actinopterygii
(ray-finned fishes) |
| FB
name: |
Amur
catfish |
| Distribution: |
Eastern
Asia: Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu in Japan, the Korean Peninsula,
Taiwan, China, and Russia |
| Diagnosis: |
Commercially
cultured in Japan |
| Biology: |
Occurs
in slow-flowing rivers, deep lakes and ponds; avoid cold,
fast-flowing waters but may penetrate into but not breed in such
waters. Normally found lying close or amongst obstacles in the
water. Common in some of the brackish waters of the Baltic Sea. A predatory species, juveniles feed on zooplankton, bottom
invertebrate fauna and other perch fry while adults feed on both
invertebrates and fish, mainly stickle-backs, perch, roach and
minnows. Used to be cultured commercially in Australia. Its flesh is excellent and not so bony. Utilized fresh
and frozen; eaten pan-fried and baked. May be captured
with natural or artificial bait. |
| Max.
size: |
100.0cm
(3.3ft) |
| Max.
weight: |
1,500.0g
(3.3lb) |
| Environment: |
demersal;
freshwater |
| Climate: |
temperate;
5 - 25°C |
| Importance: |
fisheries:
commercial; aquaculture: commercial |
| Threatened: |
not
in IUCN Red List |
| Dangerous: |
potential
pest |
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| BURBOT
(Lota Lota) |
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| Family: |
Lotidae
(Hakes and Burbots) |
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| Order: |
Gadiformes |
| Class: |
Actinopterygii
(ray-finned fishes) |
| FB
name: |
Burbot |
| Distribution: |
Circumarctic
in freshwater |
| Diagnosis: |
Dorsal
spines (total): 0-0; Dorsal softrays (total): 68-96; Anal spines:
0-0; Anal soft-rays: 58-79; Vertebrae: 50-67. Distinguished by the
long second dorsal fin, at least 6 times as long as the first, and a
single barbel on the chin. Gill rakers short. First dorsal short;
second dorsal and anal fins joined to caudal; pectorals short and
rounded; caudal rounded, with 40 rays. Color is yellow, light tan to
brown with a pattern of dark brown or black on the body, head and
fins. Pelvics pale, others dark and mottled. |
| Biology: |
The
only member of the family which lives in freshwater. Crepuscular and
nocturnal (Ref. 11941). Inhabits deep lakes and large rivers with
slow-moving current. Seeks shelter under rocks, in crevices on the
river banks, among roots of trees and dense vegetation. Those in
rivers tend to congregate in deep holes throughout the year, except
at spawning. Movements into shallower water during summer nights are
related to feeding. Smaller individuals feed on insect larvae,
crayfish, mollusks and other invertebrates with a changing
preference for fishes in larger individuals. Source of oil. Sold
mainly salted. Liver is sold smoked or canned in Europe. Processed
into fishmeal. Because of its nocturnal habits and its slow
movements, this fish is not very much appreciated by sportfishermen.
Flesh is tasty but a little dry. |
| Max.
size: |
152cm
(4.5ft) |
| Max.
weight: |
34kg
(75lb) |
| Reported
age: |
20
years |
| Environment: |
demersal;
freshwater; brackish; pH range: 7.5; dH range: 18.0 ; depth range 1
- 700 m |
| Climate: |
temperate;
4 - 18°C; 75°N - 40°N |
| Importance: |
fisheries:
commercial; aquaculture: experimental; gamefish: yes; aquarium: show
aquarium |
| Threatened: |
not
in IUCN Red List |
| Dangerous: |
potential
pest |
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| RIVER
PERCH (Perca Fluviatilis) |
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| Family: |
Percidae
(Perches) |
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| Order: |
Perciformes |
| Class: |
Actinopterygii
(ray-finned fishes) |
| FB
name: |
River
Perch |
| Distribution: |
Throughout
Europe and Siberia to Kolyma River, but not in Spain, Italy or
Greece; widely introduced. Several countries report adverse
ecological impact after introduction. |
| Diagnosis: |
Dorsal
spines (total): 3-4; Dorsal softrays (total): 14-22; Anal spines:
3-3; Anal soft-rays: 5-6; Vertebrae: 32-32. Caudal fin with 18-20
rays. No barbels. The third dorsal and anal-fin rays are
strong and serrated posteriorly. |
| Biology: |
Occurs
in slow-flowing rivers, deep lakes and ponds; avoid cold,
fast-flowing waters but may penetrate into but not breed in such
waters. Normally found lying close or amongst obstacles in the
water. Common in some of the brackish waters of the Baltic Sea. A predatory species, juveniles feed on zooplankton, bottom
invertebrate fauna and other perch fry while adults feed on both
invertebrates and fish, mainly stickle-backs, perch, roach and
minnows. Used to be cultured commercially in Australia. Its flesh is excellent and not so bony. Utilized fresh
and frozen; eaten pan-fried and baked. May be captured
with natural or artificial bait. |
| Max.
size: |
51.0cm
(1.7ft) |
| Max.
weight: |
4,750.0g
(10.5lb) |
| Environment: |
demersal;
freshwater; brackish; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 8.0 - 12.0 ;
depth range - 30 m |
| Climate: |
temperate;
10 - 22°C; 66°n - 43°s |
| Importance: |
fisheries:
highly commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium:
show aquarium |
| Threatened: |
not
in IUCN Red List |
| Dangerous: |
potential
pest |
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| BAIKAL
STURGEON (Acipencer Schrenskii) |
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| Family: |
Acipenseridae
(Sturgeons), subfamily: Acipenserinae |
| Order: |
Acipenseriformes |
| Class: |
Actinopterygii
(ray-finned fishes) |
| FB
name: |
Baikal
sturgeon |
| Distribution: |
Central
Asia
and Northwest Pacific: Sea of Japan, Okhotsk Sea, and Amur River
system. International trade restricted. |
| Diagnosis: |
Dorsal
spines (total): 0-0; Dorsal softrays (total): 38-53; Anal spines:
0-0; Anal soft-rays: 20-32. Body shields in 5 rows; dorsal shields
11 to 15, lateral shields 32 to 47 and ventral 7 to 10. |
| Biology: |
Occurs
in shallow ponds, lakes rich in vegetation and slow moving rivers.
Burrows in mud in the dry season or during winter.
Tolerates cold, organic pollutants, and low oxygen levels in the
water. Feeds on plants, insect larvae and plankton.
Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten fried, broiled and baked. |
| Max.
size: |
170cm
(5.5ft) |
| Max.
weight: |
6,000.0g
(13.3lb) |
| Environment: |
demersal;
freshwater; brackish; marine |
| Climate: |
temperate;
10°C - 20°C |
| Importance: |
fisheries:
commercial |
| Threatened: |
Endangered
(A1acd+2d) , Sturgeon Specialist Group |
| Dangerous: |
harmless |
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| IDE
(Leuciscus waleckii waleckii) |
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| Family: |
Cyprinidae
(Minnows or carps) |
| Order: |
Cypriniformes |
| Class: |
Actinopterygii
(ray-finned fishes) |
| FB
name: |
Amur
ide |
| Distribution: |
Asia:
China, Korea, Mongolia and Amur river basin. |
| Biology: |
Inhabits
rivers |
| Max.
size: |
37.0cm
(1.2ft) |
| Environment: |
benthopelagic;
freshwater |
| Climate: |
temperate;
10°C - 20°C |
| Threatened: |
not
in IUCN Red List |
| Dangerous: |
harmless |
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| SIG
(Coregonus Lavaretus Baicalensis) |
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| Family: |
Salmonidae
(Salmonids), subfamily: Coregoninae |
| Order: |
Salmoniformes |
| Class: |
Actinopterygii
(ray-finned fishes) |
| FB
name: |
European
whitefish |
| Distribution: |
Former
USSR: Lake Baikal; Central Asia |
| Biology: |
Spawning
takes place in December and January in the lake |
| Max.
size: |
60.0cm
(2ft) |
| Environment: |
demersal;
freshwater |
| Climate: |
temperate |
| Threatened: |
not
in IUCN Red List |
| Dangerous: |
harmless |
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